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Strabo 816: a note

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

Stephanie West
Affiliation:
Hertford College, Oxford

Extract

This note is not concerned with the reliability of this information, but with the lexical singularity παλλ⋯ς, which has won widespread acceptance as an ancient sacral term, though our lexica display an uncommon, and indeed misleading, prudishness as to its meaning: ‘maiden-priestess’ (LSJ s.v. Παλλ⋯ς ii); ‘bei den Griechen in ägypt. Theben noch als sakraler Ausdruck = παρθ⋯νος' (Frisk, GEW s.v. παλλακ⋯); ‘A Thèbes d'Égypte pour désigner une prêtresse = παρθ⋯νος' (Chantraine, Dictionnaire s.v. παλλακ⋯).

Pubescent temple-prostitutes had no place in Hellenic religious life, and it might be thought surprising that there was a Greek word for them; yet Strabo offers the term without explanation or speculation as to derivation or dialectal provenance, apparently confident that it is indeed Greek and not a foreign loan-word. The Greeks who frequented Upper Egypt were not a group of largely homogeneous origin, who might have preserved in quasi-colonial isolation an archaism obsolete elsewhere in the Hellenic world. No such usage is mentioned in ancient discussions of the derivation of Pallas, wide though the etymological net is cast in the attempt to explain Athene's title: see, e.g., sch. Il. 1.199–200 (with Erbse's note), sch. Od. 1.252, P. Oxy. 2260 (early second century a.d.).

Type
Shorter Notes
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1986

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References

1 It is certainly hard to reconcile with our other evidence for the part played by women in Egyptian cult: see further Lexikon der Ägyptologie ii (Wiesbaden, 1977)Google Scholar, s.vv. Gottesgemahlin, Gottesharîm, Bonnet, H., Reallexikon der ägyptischen Religionsgeschichte (Berlin, 1952)Google Scholar, s.v. Pallakide. The woman who, according to Herodotus (1.182), spent the night in the temple of Amun performed a quite different function.

2 As Frisk and Chantraine might be taken to imply.

3 ‘Wie in dem Dionysioskommentar gehören auch in den Homerkommentaren zu den am stärksten benützten Werken die Гεωγραɸɩκ⋯ des Strabon und die Ἐθνɩκ⋯ des Stephanos von Byzanz’ (Cohn, , RE vi.1483Google Scholar s.v. Eustathios (18)).

4 Doubt has been cast on this information; so far as my argument is concerned, it is enough that the priestesses at Dodona were commonly believed to be so designated.

5 On the problems presented by these chapters see Fehling, D., Die Quellenangaben bei Herodot (Berlin, 1971), 50ffCrossRefGoogle Scholar.

6 Cf., e.g., Catul. 68.125ff. 'nec tantum niueo gauisast ulla columbo / compar, quae multo dicitur improbius / oscula mordenti semper decerpere rostro,/ quam quae praecipue multiuola est mulier; Tertull. anim. 32 ‘non…fient…columbae ex pudicis’ see further RE s.v. Taube.