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New and overlooked species from the Galapagos Islands: the generic concept of Diploicia reassessed

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2016

Frank BUNGARTZ ,
John A. ELIX ,
Klaus KALB  and
Mireia GIRALT
Frank BUNGARTZ*
Affiliation:
Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador; mailing address: Schedestraße 8, 53113 Bonn, Germany
John A. ELIX
Affiliation:
Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200, Australia
Klaus KALB
Affiliation:
Lichenologisches Institut Neumarkt, Im Tal 12, D-92318 Neumarkt, Germany and University of Regensburg, Institute of Botany, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg
Mireia GIRALT
Affiliation:
Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia (Àrea de Botànica), Facultat d’Enologia de Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
*
Email: frank.bungartz@gmail.com
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Abstract

Three new species of Diploicia are described from the Galapagos Islands and a fourth, D. glebosa, is transferred from Pyxine; all four are considered endemic to the archipelago. In order to accommodate these species, the generic concept of Diploicia has been emended. Two of the species are sterile; D. leproidica is placodioid-leproid, where the thalli derive from pseudocorticate granules aggregating into small, placodioid rosettes with distinctly lobate margins. The second sterile species, D. squamulosa, forms scattered squamules that eventually aggregate into small, placodioid rosettes. The two fertile species, D. glebosa, with an olivaceous to beige, smooth, epruinose upper surface, and D. neotropica, with a white to grey-white, roughened, pruinose upper surface, form larger thalli typical of Diploicia, have apothecia that are initially lecideine, but are soon engulfed and hidden by a thick thalline margin. Anatomically the proper exciple remains visible for a considerable part of the ontogeny, although it eventually becomes almost completely reduced to a few pigmented or almost hyaline hyphae. This transition from lecideine to lecanorine apothecia is similar to the physciaeformis-type ontogeny observed in some Pyxine species. Several species currently accommodated in Buellia s. lat. with diploicin and effigurate thalli that lack distinctly lobate margins are discussed and the Socotran endemic Physcia endopyxinea is transferred into Diploicia.

Keywords

Census of Galapagos BiodiversityEndohyalinaGalapagos Lichen Inventorylichenstaxonomy
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 48 , Issue 5 , September 2016 , pp. 489 - 515
Copyright
© British Lichen Society, 2016 

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