¹ My discussion of E₃ will be limited to the equal distribution of commodities to equals. One might take a view of E₃ like that I take in my discussion of E₄. That is, one could argue that distributions need only be made so that equals are treated equally. Equals need not receive equal shares; they need only be treated equally. With respect to E₃, this move raises the question as to what constitutes equal treatment. Since this question in turn raises issues about “just” lotteries and voting procedures, I have not attempted that discussion here.

² It is the author's opinion that no one formula of distributive justice can resolve all problems, but that perhaps several formulas functioning in a consistent system could.

³ These two principles concerning human rights are borrowed from Gregory Vlastos' interesting article, “Justice and Equality” in Social Justice, Brandt, Richard ed. (Engle-wood Cliffs: Prentice Hall Inc., 1962), pp. 31–72.Google Scholar