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Astromineralogy: Crystalline silicates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2016

F. J. Molster
F. J. Molster*
Affiliation:
ESTEC/ESA, RSSD-ST, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands

Abstract

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Silicates are the most abundant dust component in our Universe. For a long time it was generally assumed that around evolved stars only amorphous silicates were present. The infrared space observatory (ISO; Kessler et al. 1996) discovered that the abundance of crystalline silicates can be quite significant. Thanks to ISO it is now for the first time possible to determine the exact chemical composition of the silicates, and in contrast to the amorphous silicates, the crystalline silicates turned out to be very Fe-poor (i.e. forsterite and enstatite). Careful investigations of the spectra of crystalline silicates in several conditions, both in laboratory and in space, have taken place. It was found that not only the abundance of the crystalline silicates is related to the spatial distribution of the circumstellar dust, but also the shape of the features differs between sources with and without a disk-like dust distribution. Because of the many spectral features of the crystalline silicates one can easily determine temperatures and mass ratios for enstatite and forsterite. But even single features contain interesting information. The position and FWHM of the 69.0 micron forsterite feature, might be used as a new diagnostic of characteristic temperatures of (crystalline) silicate dust, while the 33.6 micron forsterite feature bears evidence for its formation history.

Type
Part V: Dust and Molecules in Planetary Nebulae
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 209: Planetary Nebulae: Their Evolution and Role in the Universe , 2003 , pp. 291 - 298
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of the Pacific 2003 

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