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Beyond dopamine: The noradrenergic system and mental effort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2013

Nicholas J. Malecek
Affiliation:
Imaging Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712. malecek@utexas.edupoldrack@utexas.eduwww.poldracklab.org
Russell A. Poldrack
Affiliation:
Imaging Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712. malecek@utexas.edupoldrack@utexas.eduwww.poldracklab.org

Abstract

An opportunity cost model of effort requires flexible integration of valuation and self-control systems. Reciprocal connections between these networks and brainstem neuromodulatory systems are likely to provide the signals that affect subsequent persistence or failure when faced with effort challenges. The interaction of these systems should be taken into account to strengthen a normative neural model of effort.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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