Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T13:53:20.949Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Achievements in Marine Conservation, I. Marine Parks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Mona I. Björklund
Mona I. Björklund
Affiliation:
Executive Officer, Commission on Ecology, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), 1110 Morges, Switzerland.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In order to facilitate the work of those who are faced with the difficult task of assigning priorities and guiding conservation action on a global scale, it is important that those countries which have jurisdiction over coastal areas start collecting, evaluating, and disseminating, data on the ecological status of their coastal zones. Only with such a data-base can the appropriate authorities effectively further the concept of conservation and sound management of marine resources. To these ends, also, the existing marine parks and equivalent reserves should be evaluated with special reference to the extent to which they provide adequate protection for representative examples of the ecosystems of the area, and to determine the need for additional areas to be protected.

As part of ongoing marine conservation programmes, IUCN/WWF is giving high priority to the identification of critical marine habitats either for the purpose of setting them aside as protected areas because of their fragility or high productivity, or for their research, education, or aesthetic, values. In cases where a ‘park’ is not the best solution to protect an area from pollution and other disturbances, IUCN/WWF, in cooperation with other organizations—international or national—is trying to help to influence the governmental authorities concerned to find the best possible solution to the problem, whether it concerns over-fishing, using wrong fishing methods (e.g. dynamiting), or is a matter of providing guidance to the authorities concerned to achieve a rational utilization programme of coastal marine resources. Such utilization is particularly important in those parts of the tropics where marine renewable resources play a vital part in the economy of tropical human populations, but where the native fishing cannot continue to supply yields that are sufficient to meet the (usually ever-increasing) demand.

Type
Main Papers
Information
Environmental Conservation , Volume 1 , Issue 3 , Autumn 1974 , pp. 205 - 217
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References *

Baccar, Hèdia (1973). Zembra—Marine Park; Zembra and Zembretta—Natural Reserves. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973: 21 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Bauer, Erwin A. (1972). Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge. Sea Frontiers, 18(6), pp. 346–56, 11 figs.Google Scholar
Dasmann, Raymond F., Milton, John P. & Freeman, Peter H. (1973). Ecological Principles for Economic Development. John Wiley, London: 252 pp., 31 figs.Google Scholar
Douglas, Gina (1969). Check list of Pacific islands. Micronesica, 5(2), pp., 327–463.Google Scholar
Eames, John (Ed.) (1971). The Marine National Parks of Kenya—an Official Guide. Board of Trustees of the National Parks of Kenya, Nairobi: 30 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Fishelson, Lev (no date). Littoral Marine Ecosystems and Marine Parks of Israel. Department of Zoology, University of Tel Aviv: 16 pp. (mimeogr.)Google Scholar
French Polynesia Commissioner for Monuments and Sites (no date). Brochure on Taiaro Atoll. Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia: 27 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Jerry & Greenberg, Idaz (1971). Buck Island-underwater jewel. National Geographic, 139(5), pp. 677–83, 5 figs.Google Scholar
Hiscock, K. (Ed.) (1971). Report on the Proposal to Establish a Marine Nature Reserve Around Lundy. Marine Biological Investigations. Lundy Field Society: 66 pp., 6 figs.Google Scholar
Hiscock, K. (Ed.) (1973). A Seminar on Marine Conservation, April 13–14. University College of North Wales. Department of Marine Biology, Marine Science Laboratories, Menai Bridge, U.K.: 30 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Hughes, George R. (1972). Report to the Southern Africa Wildlife Foundation {World Wildlife Fund) on the Marine Turtle Survey of South East Africa, 1969–1971. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa: 10 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Hughes, G. R. (1973). The Sea Turtles of Mozambique. Oceanographic Research Institue, Durban, South Africa: 17 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
IUCN (1974). Second World Conference on National Parks (Proceedings, 09 1972, Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks, U.S.A.). Morges, Switzerland: 504 pp.Google Scholar
Japan Nature Conservation Society (1966). Special Symposium on Marine Parks, Eleventh Pacific Science Congress (Proceedings, 09 1966, Tokyo, Japan). Tokyo: vii + 57 pp.Google Scholar
Johnson, Stephen P. & Pierrepont, Seth (1972). Palau and a Seventy Islands tropical park. National Parks and Conservation Magazine, 46(4), pp. 12–7; 46(7), pp. 4–8; 46(8), pp. 9–13, illustr.Google Scholar
Lamerton, J. F. (1969). Coastal conservation in Devon. Journal of the Devon Trust, 20, pp. 880–4.Google Scholar
Nicolaidou, Artemis (1973). Preliminary survey for the establishment of a marine park in Lindos, Rhodos Island, Greece. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973: 6 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Njiri, Francis A. & Hyder, Mohamed (1973). Declaration, ecology and management of marine national parks/reserves in Kenya. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973 : 29 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Ovesen, Claus Helweg (No Date). A Brief Survey Of Conservation- Research In Denmark. The Nature Conservation Council Of Denmark, Copenhagen: 8 Pp. (Mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Ray, G. Carleton & Sprunt, Alexander IV (1971). Parks and Conservation in the Turks and Caicos Islands. A report on the ecology of the Turks and Caicos... 45 pp., 18 figs, (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Robertson, I. J. B. (1972). Seychelles Marine National Parks. Special report to IUCN/WWF, Morges, 165 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Robinson, Alan H. (1971a). Marine research and resource management in Virgin Islands National Park. In Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 12, Philadelphia, Pa.: 15 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Robinson, Alan H. (1971b). Resources Management Plan: Buck Island Reef National Monument. Christiansted, St Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands: 25 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Robinson, Alan H. (1973). Natural vs. Visitor-related Damage to Shallow Water Corals: Recommendations for Visitor Management and the Design of Underwater Nature Trails in the Virgin Islands.Cruz Bay, St John: 23 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Robinson, Alan H. (no date). Lagoon Point Coral Reef Reserve, St John: a Proposed Addition to the Territorial Park System of the U.S. Virgin Islands. Cruz Bay, St John: 18 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Saliba, L. I. (1973). Some problems in connexion with marine park development in Malta. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973: 3 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Scott, Peter (1973). Conservation in Mauritius. A Report to the Prime Minister of Mauritius.... Slimbridge, England: 18 pp., 2 Appendices (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
South Pacific Commission (1973). Regional Symposium on Conservation of Nature—Reefs and Lagoons (Proceedings, 08 1971). Nouméa, New Caledonia: xi + 314 pp.Google Scholar
Tamura, Tuyosi, Uda, Michitaka, Arasaki, Seibin, Habe, Tadashige, Ino, Takashi & Horikoshi, Masuoki (1966). Marine Parks in Japan: A Collection of Five Papers. Committee on Marine Parks, Nature Conservation Society of Japan: 34 pp.Google Scholar
U.N. (1973). Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, Sweden, June 1972). United Nations, New York: vi + 83 pp.Google Scholar
Université d'Alger (1973). Projet portant sur la création d'un pare marin et terrestre, Tipasa-Chenoua. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973: 8 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
U.S. National Park Service (1964). First World Conference on National Parks (Proceedings, Seattle, Washington, June-July 1962). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.: xxxiv + 471 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
U.S. National Park Service (1972). City of Refuge National Historical Park. Honaunau, Kona, Hawaii: 33 pp.Google Scholar
Vamvakas, Constantine E. (1973). Establishing marine parks in Greece. In Proceedings and Papers of the International Marine Park Conference, Castellabate, Italy, 06 1973: 4 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar