Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T23:34:02.003Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Collection and characterization of maize and upland rice populations cropped by poor farmers in the uplands of Panama's Azuero region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2008

B. E. Love ,
S. Dreisigacker  and
D. Spaner
B. E. Love
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, 4-10 Ag/For Building Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2P5
S. Dreisigacker
Affiliation:
International Centre for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mex-Veracruz, El Batan, Texcoco, CP56130, Mexico
D. Spaner*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, 4-10 Ag/For Building Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT6G 2P5
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: dean.spaner@ualberta.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The conservation of crop genetic resources is an international priority and requires the continued collection and characterization of farmer varieties. We collected and characterized maize and upland rice populations cropped by farmers in Panama's Azuero region. The objective of our study was to evaluate the crop genetic diversity of farmer varieties of maize and upland rice grown by poor farmers in Panama. We found that: (1) farmers' naming practices only partially corresponded to genetic relationships and were the strongest for rice populations; (2) farmers' classification of populations as ‘modern’ or ‘traditional’ was reflected in phenotypic differences; (3) Panamanian maize populations were molecularly distinct from populations collected elsewhere in Latin America; and (4) heterogeneous rice populations were common and heterogeneity was often due to admixture of recognized farmer varieties. Our results indicate that poor farmers in Panama continue to farm ‘traditional’ varieties that harbour genetic diversity of interest. There has, however, been substantial adoption of ‘modern’ varieties.

Keywords

classificationgenetic diversitynaming practicesphenotypes
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 7 , Issue 2 , August 2009 , pp. 105 - 112
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Applied_Biosystems (2001) GeneScan® Reference Guide: Chemistry Reference for the ABI PRISM® 310 Genetic Analyzer. Foster City: Applied Biosystems.Google Scholar
Bellon, MR (2004) Conceptualizing interventions to support on-farm genetic resource conservation. World Development 32: 159–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camacho-Villa, TC, Maxted, N, Scholten, M and Ford-Lloyd, B (2006) Defining and identifying crop landraces. Plant Genetic Resources 3: 373–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CIMMYT (2005) Laboratory Protocols: CIMMYT Applied Molecular Genetics Laboratory. 3rd edn. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
CNRFP(1995) Panama: informe nacional para la conferencia tecnica internacional de la FAO sobre los recursos fitogeneticos (Leipzig, 1996). Comisión Nacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos de Panamá, Panama..Google Scholar
Condit, R, Pitman, N, Leigh, EG, Chave, J, Terborgh, J, Foster, RB, Núñez, P, Aguilar, S, Valencia, R, Villa, G, Muller-Landau, HC, Losos, E and Hubbell, SP (2002) Beta-diversity in tropical forest trees. Science 295: 666–669.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Contraloría(2001) Sexto censo nacional agropecuario Contraloría General de la República Dirección de Estadística y Censo, Panama.Google Scholar
Dubreuil, P, Warburton, M, Chastanet, M, Hoisington, D and Charcosset, A (2006) More on the introduction of temperate maize into Europe: large-scale bulk SSR genotyping and new historical elements. Maydica 51: 281–291.Google Scholar
Duvick, DN (2005) The contribution of breeding to yield advances in Maize (Zea mays L.). Advances in Agronomy 86: 83–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FAO(1980) Descriptors for Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Fischer, A and Vasseur, L (2000) The crisis in shifting cultivation practices and the promise of agroforestry: a review of the Panamanian experience. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 739–756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freitas, FO, Bendel, G, Allaby, RG and Brown, TA (2003) DNA from primitive maize landraces and archaeological remains: implications for the domestication of maize and its expansion into South America. Journal of Archaeological Science 30: 901–908.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fukuoka, S, Suu, TD, Ebana, K, Trinh, LN, Nagamine, T and Okuno, K (2006) Diversity in phenotypic profiles in landrace populations of Vietnamese rice: a case study of agronomic characters for conserving crop genetic diversity on farm. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53: 753–761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gepts, P (2006) Plant genetic resources conservation and utilization: the accomplishments and future of a societal insurance policy. Crop Science 46: 1630–1634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, RJ (ed.) (2006) Plant Conservation Genetics. New York: Food Products Press, pp. 1–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho, JC, Kresovich, S and Lamkey, KR (2005) Extent and distribution of genetic variation in US maize: historically important lines and their open-pollinated dent and flint progenitors. Crop Science 45: 1891–1900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IGNTG(1988) Atlas Nacional de la Republica de Panamá. 3rd edn. Panama: Instituto Geografico Nacional Tommy Guardia.Google Scholar
IPGRI(1991) Descriptors for Maize. Rome: IPGRI.Google Scholar
Jaen-Suarez, O (1978) La población del istmo de Panamá Impresora de la Nación, Panamá.Google Scholar
Jarvis, DI, Brown, AHD, Cuong, PH, Collado-Panduro, L, Latournerie-Moreno, L, Gyawali, S, Tanto, T, Sawadogo, M, Mar, I, Sadiki, M, Hue, N, Arias-Reyes, L, Balma, D, Bajracharya, J, Castillo, F, Rijal, D, Belqadi, L, Rana, R, Saidi, S, Ouedraogo, J, Zangre, R, Rhirib, K, Chavez, JL, Schoen, DJ, Sthpit, B, De Santis, P, Fadda, C and Hodgkin, T (2008) A global perspective of the richness and evenness of traditional crop-variety diversity maintained by farming communities. PNAS 105: 5326–5331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaufman, L and Rousseeuw, PJ (1990) Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis. New York: Wiley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolman, CJ and Bermingham, E (1997) Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA diversity in the Choco and Chibcha amerinds of Panama. Genetics 147: 1289–1302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koo, B, Pardey, PG, Wright, BD, Bramel, P, Debouck, D, van Dusen, ME, Jackson, MT, Rao, NK, Skovmand, B, Taba, S and Valkoun, J (eds) (2004) Saving Seeds: The Economics of Conserving Crop Genetic Resources Ex-situ in the Future Harvest Centres of the CGIAR. Cambridge, MA: CABI Publishing, pp. 1–232.Google Scholar
Kuleshov, HN (1930) The maize of Mexico, Guatemala, Cuba, Panama and Colombia. Bulletin of Applied Botany, Genetics, and Plant Breeding Supplement 47: 492–501.Google Scholar
Lawerence, T (1984) Collection of Crop Germplasm the First 10 Years: 1974–1984. Rome: IBPGR Secretariat.Google Scholar
Maxted, N, Guarino, L, Myer, L and Chiwona, EA (2002) Towards a methodology for on-farm conservation of plant genetic resources. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 49: 31–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCune, B and Mefford, MJ (1999) PC-ORD Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, Version 4. MjM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, OR.Google Scholar
McCune, B and Grace, JB (2002) Analysis of Ecological Communities. MjM Software Design, USA.Google Scholar
Mielke, PW and Berry, KJ (2001) Permutation Methods: A Distance Function Approach. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, S, Cassman, KG, Virmani, SS, Sheehy, J and Khush, GS (1999) Yield potential trends in tropical rice since the release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Science 39: 1552–1559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
R_Development_Core_Team(2007) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.Google Scholar
Saghai-Maroof, MA, Solima, KM, Jorgenson, RA and Allard, RW (1984) Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics. PNAS 81: 8014–8018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SAS(2005) SAS/STAT User's Guide. Available at http://www.id.unizh.ch/software/unix/statmath/sas/sasdoc/stat/.Google Scholar
Spijkers, P (1983) Rice Peasants and Rice Research in Colombia Van de Landbown-Hage School, Wageningen, Holland.Google Scholar
Struyf, A, Hubert, M and Rousseeuw, PJ (1997) Integrating robust clustering techniques in S-PLUS. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 26: 17–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taba, S, Díaz, J, Rivas, M, Rodríguez, M, Vicarte, V, Norgaard, J, Carlos, L and Brandon, E (2003) The CIMMYT Maize Collection: Evaluation of Accessions and Preliminary Core Subsets. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar
Warburton, M, Xianchun, X, Ambriz, S, Diaz, L, Villordo, E and Hoisington, D (2001) Use of molecular markers in maize diversity studies at CIMMYT Seventh Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Maize Conference, 11–15th February. pp. 130–133.Google Scholar