Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-27gpq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-28T16:04:39.343Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Creep-feeding to stimulate metabolic imprinting in nursing beef heifers: impacts on heifer growth, reproductive and physiological variables

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2015

M. M. Reis
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
R. F. Cooke*
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
B. I. Cappellozza
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
R. S. Marques
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
T. A. Guarnieri Filho
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil
M. C. Rodrigues
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil
J. S. Bradley
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech University. Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
C. J. Mueller
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Union, OR 97883, USA
D. H. Keisler
Affiliation:
Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
S. E. Johnson
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech University. Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
D. W. Bohnert
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
Get access

Abstract

This experiment compared growth, physiological, and reproductive responses of beef heifers with (MI) or without (CON) access to a creep-feeder, as a manner to stimulate metabolic imprinting while nursing their dams. On day 0, 60 Angus×Hereford heifers were ranked by BW and age (140±3 kg and 68±3 days), and assigned to pairs so all ranking criteria were similar between heifers within each pair. On day 1, pairs were randomly assigned to MI (n=15) or CON (n=15). From day 1 to 51, MI pairs and their dams were allocated to 15 drylot pens where heifers had ad libitum access to a corn-based supplement through a creep-feeder. The CON pairs and their dams were maintained in an adjacent single drylot pen. From day 52 to 111, treatments were managed as a single group on a semiarid range pasture. On day 111, heifers were weaned and allocated to two pastures (one pasture/treatment), receiving hay and a corn-based concentrate until day 326. Heifer BW was recorded before and at the end of the creep-feeding period (day 1 to 51), and on days 112 and 326. On days 0, 51, 111, 187, 261, and 325, jugular blood was collected and real-time ultrasonography for longissimus muscle depth and backfat thickness assessment was performed. Blood was also collected every 10 days from days 113 to 323 for puberty evaluation via plasma progesterone. Liver and subcutaneous fat biopsies were performed on days 51, 111, 261 and 325. Average daily gain was greater (P<0.01) for MI than CON from day 1 to 51, tended (P=0.09) to be greater for CON than MI from day 112 to 326, while BW on day 326 was similar between treatments. On day 51, MI had greater (P⩽0.01) plasma IGF-I and glucose concentrations, as well as mRNA expression of hepatic pyruvate carboxylase and adipose fatty acid synthase than CON. On days 261 and 325, plasma insulin concentrations were greater (P⩽0.03) in CON than MI. Mean mRNA expression of hepatic IGF-I and adipose peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma were greater (P⩽0.05) in MI than CON. No treatment effects were detected for puberty attainment rate. In conclusion, supplementing nursing heifers via creep-feeding for 50 days altered physiological and biochemical variables suggestive of a metabolic imprinting effect, but did not hasten their puberty attainment.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

a

Dr Reinaldo Cooke is also affiliated as permanent professor to the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia/Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil.

References

Ansotegui, RP, Havstad, KM, Wallace, JD and Hallford, DM 1991. Effects of milk intake on forage intake and performance of suckling range calves. Journal of Animal Science 69, 899904.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
AOAC 2006. Official methods of analysis, 18th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemsts, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Arthington, JD and Corah, LR 1995. Liver biopsy procedures for determining the trace mineral status in beef cows. Part II. (Video, AI 9134). Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.Google Scholar
Bonnet, M, Cassar-Malek, I, Chilliard, Y and Picard, B 2010. Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species. Animal 4, 10931109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brethour, JR 1994. Estimating marbling score in live cattle from ultrasound images using pattern recognition and neural network procedures. Journal of Animal Science 72, 14251432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buskirk, DD, Faulkner, DB, Hurley, WL, Kesler, DJ, Ireland, FA, Nash, TG, Castree, JC and Vicini, JL 1996. Growth, reproductive performance, mammary development, and milk production of beef heifers as influenced by prepubertal dietary energy and administration of bovine somatotropin. Journal of Animal Science 74, 26492662.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cerri, RLA, Thompson, IM, Kim, IH, Ealy, AD, Hansen, PJ, Staples, CR, Li, JL, Santos, JEP and Thatcher, WW 2012. Effects of lactation and pregnancy on gene expression of endometrium of Holstein cows at day 17 of the estrous cycle or pregnancy. Journal of Dairy Science 95, 56575675.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clancy, S and Brown, W 2008. Translation: DNA to mRNA to protein. Nature Education 1, 101.Google Scholar
Cooke, RF, Arthington, JD, Araujo, DB, Lamb, GC and Ealy, AD 2008. Effects of supplementation frequency on performance, reproductive, and metabolic responses of Brahman-crossbred females. Journal of Animal Science 86, 22962309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooke, RF, Cappellozza, BI, Reis, MM, Bohnert, DW and Vasconcelos, JLM 2012. Plasma progesterone concentration in beef heifers receiving exogenous glucose, insulin, or bovine somatotropin. Journal of Animal Science 90, 32663273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Day, ML, Imakawa, K, Garcia-Winder, M, Zalesky, DD, Schanbacher, BD, Kittok, RJ and Kinder, JE 1984. Endocrine mechanisms of puberty in heifers: estradiol negative feedback regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion. Biology of Reproduction 31, 332341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delavaud, C, Bocquier, F, Chilliard, Y, Keisler, DH, Gertler, A and Kann, G 2000. Plasma leptin determination in ruminants: effect of nutritional status and body fatness on plasma leptin concentration assessed by a specific RIA in sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 165, 519526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Du, M, Tong, J, Zhao, J, Underwood, KR, Zhu, M, Ford, SP and Nathanielsz, PW 2010. Fetal programming of skeletal muscle development in ruminant animals. Journal of Animal Science 88, E51E60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duckett, SK, Pratt, SL and Pavan, E 2009. Corn oil or corn grain supplementation to steers grazing endophyte-free tall fescue. II. Effects on subcutaneous fatty acid content and lipogenic gene expression. Journal of Animal Science 87, 11201128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ganskopp, DC and Bohnert, DW 2009. Landscape nutritional patterns and cattle distribution in rangeland pastures. Applied Animal Behavior Science 116, 110119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasser, CL, Behlke, EJ, Grum, DE and Day, ML 2006. Effect of timing of feeding a high-concentrate diet on growth and attainment of puberty in early-weaned heifers. Journal of Animal Science 84, 31183122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graugnard, DE, Berger, LL, Faulkner, DB and Loor, JJ 2010. High-starch diets induce precocious adipogenic gene network up-regulation in longissimus lumborum of early-weaned Angus cattle. British Journal of Nutrition 103, 953963.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenfield, RB, Cecava, MJ and Donkin, SS 2000. Changes in mRNA expression for gluconeogenic enzymes in liver of dairy cattle during the transition to lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 83, 12281236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hess, BW, Lake, SL, Scholljegerdes, EJ, Weston, TR, Nayigihugu, V, Molle, JDC and Moss, GE 2005. Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction. Journal of Animal Science 83, E90E106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houseknecht, KL, Baile, CA, Matteri, RL and Spurlock, ME 1998. The biology of leptin: a review. Journal of Animal Science 76, 14051420.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lesmeister, JL, Burfening, PJ and Blackwell, RL 1973. Date of first calving in beef cows and subsequent calf production. Journal of Animal Science 36, 16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moriel, P, Johnson, SE, Vendramini, JMB, McCann, MA, Gerrard, DE, Mercadante, VRG, Hersom, MJ and Arthington, JD 2014a. Effects of calf weaning age and subsequent management systems on growth. Journal of Animal Science 92, 35983609.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moriel, P, Johnson, SE, Vendramini, JMB, Mercadante, VRG, Hersom, MJ and Arthington, JD 2014b. Effects of calf weaning age and subsequent management system on growth and reproductive performance of beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 92, 30963107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NRC 2000. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 7th revised edition. National Academic Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Perkins, SD, Key, CN, Marvin, MN, Garrett, CF, Foradori, CD, Bratcher, CL, Kriese-Anderson, LA and Brandebourg, TD 2014. Effect of residual feed intake on hypothalamic gene expression and meat quality in Angus-sired cattle grown during the hot season. Journal of Animal Science 92, 14511461.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosen, ED and MacDougald, OA 2006. Adipocyte differentiation from the inside out. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 7, 885896.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rule, DC and Beitz, DC 1986. Fatty acids of adipose tissue, plasma, muscle and duodenal ingesta of steers fed extruded soybeans. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 63, 14291435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheffler, JM, McCann, MA, Greiner, SP, Jiang, H, Hanigan, MD, Bridges, GA, Lake, SL and Gerrard, DE 2014. Early metabolic imprinting events increase marbling scores in fed cattle. Journal of Animal Science 92, 320324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schillo, KK, Hall, JB and Hileman, SM 1992. Effects of nutrition and season on the onset of puberty in the beef heifer. Journal of Animal Science 70, 39944005.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoonmaker, JP, Fluharty, FL and Loerch, SC 2004. Effect of source and amount of energy and rate of growth in the growing phase on adipocyte cellularity and lipogenic enzyme activity in the intramuscular and subcutaneous fat depots of Holstein steers. Journal of Animal Science 82, 137148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thiex, NJ, Anderson, S and Gildemeister, B 2003. Crude fat extraction in feed, cereal grain and forage (Randall/Soxtec/Submersion method): a collaborative study. Journal Association of Official Analytical Chemists 86, 888908.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to nutrition animal. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 35833597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vizcarra, JA, Wettemann, RP, Spitzer, JC and Morrison, DG 1998. Body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain influence luteal activity and concentrations of glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acids in plasma of primiparous beef cows. Journal of Animal Science 76, 927936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wagner, JJ, Lusby, KS, Oltjen, JW, Rakestraw, J, Wettemann, RP and Walters, LW 1988. Carcass composition in mature Hereford cows: estimation and effect on daily metabolizable energy requirement during winter. Journal of Animal Science 66, 603612.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weiss, WP, Conrad, HR and St. Pierre, NR 1992. A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Animal Feed Science and Technology 39, 95110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welch, CM, Thornton, KJ, Murdoch, GK, Chapalamadugu, KC, Schneider, CS, Ahola, JK, Hall, JB, Price, WJ and Hill, RA 2013. An examination of the association of serum IGF-I concentration, potential candidate genes, and fiber type composition with variation in residual feed intake in progeny of Red Angus sires divergent for maintenance energy EPD. Journal of Animal Science 91, 56265636.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, GL, Amstalden, M, Garcia, MR, Stanko, RL, Nizielski, SE, Morrison, CD and Keisler, DH 2002. Leptin and its role in the central regulation of reproduction in cattle. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 23, 339349.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yakar, S, Liu, JL, Stannard, B, Butler, A, Accili, D, Sauer, B and LeRoith, D 1999. Normal growth and development in the absence of hepatic insulin-like growth factor I. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96, 73247329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yelich, JV, Wettemann, RP, Dolezal, HG, Lusby, KS, Bishop, DK and Spicer, LJ 1995. Effects of growth rate on carcass composition and lipid partitioning at puberty and growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, insulin, and metabolites before puberty in beef heifers. Journal of Animal Science 73, 23902405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed